An Overview on Common Types, Processes of Valorization, and Agriculture Potential Use of Green Farm Waste

Abstract

 The management of organic by-products has become a global issue due to the increase in food consumption. In particular, green waste from farms is of paramount importance in the face of environmental and climate challenges. This waste mainly consists of crop residues, manure, pruning waste, and processing residues. The main processes for converting these by-products for agricultural use include composting, anaerobic digestion, vermicomposting, and fermentation. Various materials or products obtained from the processing of green waste from farms fall into several categories, including agricultural products and fertilizers, energy products and materials, as well as food, pharmaceutical, and industrial products. Among these products, those used for agricultural purposes stimulate soil fertility, generate green energy, and reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers. In addition, recent advances such as nanotechnologies and hydroponic systems are revealing new possibilities. However, their recovery most often contributes to the circular economy and agricultural
resilience. Ultimately, this bibliographic study highlights the transformative potential of agricultural green waste for a more sustainable and bioeconomic future.